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Case Study: Postnuptial helped set aside financial stress in the marriage

[Editor: This episode is part of a video interview series with MaritalMediation member Rebecca Fishman Green in which she talks about her experience as a marital mediator.]

“For them it felt fair for the husband to be solely responsible for all of the debt. So, he did what we lawyers call an indemnification, he would hold her harmless from any of the debt. If and when they ever sell their house, that home equity loan will come out of his share of the proceeds… And they signed their postnuptial agreement and they are still married to this day.”

I can give a few examples of some Marital Mediation cases. This couple, which was my first marital mediation case, came to me because of money problems. They had one child, who is in college and, he has probably graduated by now but, he went to a very prestigious college.

He is apparently a very accomplished kid and, they were very sweet to watch as they, you know, both bubbled over with enthusiam about their child. And they have not had any conflicts about parenting and, apparently, you know, have produced this very well-adjusted, accomplished kid.

So that area of their marriage was not presenting any problems with them. The husband used to work as a soap opera writer and had been rather successful financially. They own a nice home in the area. And they apparently were able to put away enough money for their child's college education in advance. And they had done very well financially.

But for about six years, at the time they came to see me, his work had really slacked off. And he didn't know why he was no longer getting the work he had been getting. He didn't know if it was because he was older, because the producers were younger and had different contacts.

He hadn't really been able to identify why. But he felt a lot of shame about not earning as much money as he had at other times during their marriage. as much money as he had at other times during their marriage. And what had happened was, initially, he went out and continued spending at the old income level.

He ran up a bunch of credit card debt over a period of about two years, hadn't told his wife that he was doing this and, it all came to light when he came to her to ask if he could get a home equity line of credit against their home to restructure some of the credit card debt that had been building up.

Until that time, she hadn't known about it and she felt quite angry about the debt and also betrayed in a certain way that he had kept this secret from her - his life partner.

She had been living kind of under an assumption that he shared important things to her or, troubles that were bothering him and, I guess, she hadn't understood the degree of shame and disappointment in himself that he had experienced, which caused him to, somehow, need to keep spending at the same level. So she had consented to the home equity line and, then it was now a couple of years after that, and the spending had continued. So, we had several mediation sessions, I think perhaps, we had three mediation sessions.


And during those sessions, we had some very, you know, moving conversations, where the emotions that I was just describing were revealed, where he was able to more openly talk about his own disappointment in himself for not being able to keep earning at that level.

And she was able to talk about how it made her feel when she learned that he hadn't been able to share those things with her and then, we also were able to look at their finances on a monthly basis. And try to figure out ways to cut expenses.

And we also had, kind of, a brainstorming session about things that he could do to try to earn more money. And I referred him to a career coach, who we had a few sessions with, to try to figure out ways to, sort of, change his target as far as trying to become a, you know, a more active earner again. a, you know, a more active earner again. So then this couple ended up entering into a postnuptial agreement where the husband said he would solely be responsible for 100 percent of this debt. Now under New York law, the assumption of the courts, the first step of the law would be to say that the debt was incurred during marriage and it's going to be divided 50-50.

The wife really felt that that was patently unfair. She had worked all during their child's childhood, but she had a more modest job - she's in the education field. And, I certainly got the impression that she didn't care as much about material things and had been a more modest spender.

And so she would have probably preferred to sit down with him and, you know, have a family meeting before all the debt was incurred and, try to figure out ways to cut costs.

But for whatever reasons, they concluded that, for them it felt fair for the husband to be solely responsible for all of the debt. So, he, you know, he did what we lawyers call an indemnification , he would hold her harmless from any of the debt. If and when they ever sell their house , that home equity loan will come out of his share of the proceeds.

In some ways, this post nuptial agreement is academic, because if it they're not divorcing, they're still living in a home together where the credit cards are one of the bills that have to be paid every month. The home equity loan is one of the bills that have to be paid every month. But for this couple, I think mediation allowed them to have these conversations in a way that they have not been able to have them at home. And then, the fact that the husband was willing to, you know, step up and say, "I will, I will, by hook or by crook, I will pay off this debt, and you won't have to suffer for it." made both of them feel better. And they signed their postnuptial agreement and they are still married to this day.

Helping save a marriage through Mediation to Stay Married

This is an edited excerpt by Vicki Shemin in the MCFM quarterly. It is the true story of a couple that considered divorce, but decided to stay together after drafting a postmarital agreement regarding the parenting of their young son.

Jill and Don wanted to explore alternative dispute divorce options as they believed that their 7- year marriage was irretrievably broken. Arriving at this painful decision was all the more poignant for this young couple since they had a one-year old son.

The manner of a couple’s interpersonal physical proximity speaks volumes about their psychological state of mind. Not only did Jill and Don elect to sit on the same side of the conference room table, they sat so close to one another that their elbows were practically touching. They spoke in hushed and mutually respectful tones and gave the other partner ample time to articulate his and her feelings. Instead of looking at me, they most often spoke directly to one another. As to their communication, the theme most central to both their parallel and collective conversations was their deep love for their son, Alex.

I sensed a distinctive sea change in the couple: perhaps overwhelmed by what actually getting divorced entails, perhaps striking at the heart of any ambivalence they may have felt coming into the process, by the end of the meeting, Jill and Don looked one another squarely in the eye and contemporaneously asked each other – “Is this what we really want to be doing?”

Jill and Don left our office that day very different individuals from the two who had walked in just an hour and a half before. They wanted me to draft a document which would lay out the details of their co-parenting plan for their son if and when the marriage did end in separation or divorce one day. If divorce became a reality; if that day ever came, they did not want to be making decisions concerning Alex borne of spite, anger or vengeance.

Over the months, Jill and Don worked hard on hammering out the details of a Custody and Parenting Agreement which addressed matters such as legal custody and a very detailed coparenting schedule (including summer and holiday schedules), as well as a provision anticipating the use of a Parenting Coordinator as a mediator/arbitrator to facilitate the couple with parenting decisions.

In mid-March, I heard from Jill. The email said: “Don and I are in a good place in our relationship right now, and I feel we will be in an even stronger now that this Parenting Agreement is behind us. We sincerely thank you in advance for your patience and understanding and for showing us there was another way to move forward in our lives.”

In a period of six months, this family had beaten the odds and stayed together.

View the full document here.

Bio of Vicki Shemin.

Case Study: Job loss and marital mediation

Bill and Sally have been married 15 years. They have two children, Kristin 9 and Rob 6. Bill has worked since college at one job in the pharmaceutical industry. He has earned enough so that Sally has been able to stay home with the children and they have had a comfortable lifestyle. Bill always thought he’d be employed at the same company.

Bill lost his job 18 months ago, and has not been able to find another one. Bill is holding out for a professional job like the one he had. He is getting fewer and fewer interviews, and is angry and depressed. Bill and Sally have been using up their savings, and are now starting to withdraw from Bill’s retirement accounts. Sally is scared and has difficulty having Bill at home with his moods and depression.
The Solution:

A marital mediator or other professional may be able to help Bill and Sally view Bill’s job loss as a joint problem. This makes Bill feel more supported at home. Sally now helps Bill in his job search actively, by finding leads that Bill follows up on. This helps Sally think about re-entering the job market to help provide stability for the family. She is afraid, because she never meaningfully entered the job market, but is starting to visualize beginning and building a career.

Bill and Sally can think of other fields that Bill can enter that he might enjoy and might help provide a livelihood for the family. Bill and Sally’s lives are changing, and even though they don’t have the income they once had, they are hopeful, smiling at each other, and feel like a team.

This case study is fictional and does not represent any real person.

Case Study: Postnuptial agreement for second marriage

Judith and William are in their 60s. It is a second marriage for both, and they each have children from their prior marriages. Judith, a widow, accumulated some wealth from her deceased husband. William’s financial circumstances are more modest. They did not enter into a prenuptial agreement at the time of their marriage.

Now Judith’s children are concerned that Judith’s wealth will be passed to William and then his children. This is creating corrosiveness between the two sets of children and is spilling over into the relationship between Judith and William.
Judith and William want to do something to support each other financially but allay the children’s fears.
The Solution:

Marital mediation brings clarity. In the setting of mediation sessions, they are to be honest with each other, and talk about the inheritance and support problem in an open way. They learn that even though they did not enter into a prenuptial agreement at the time of their marriage, they can enter into a postnuptial agreement now.

The marital mediator explained to Judith and William that there was a way to organize their estate plan so that their respective children could be protected and also their support and financial commitment to each other can be confirmed. The couple puts a postnuptial agreement in place with the help of an estate planning attorney and under the guidance of the marital mediator that calls for support for the surviving spouse, protection of assets, and a reasonable asset split between the children after the death of Judith and William. And the new estate plan will save taxes, too!

With the postnuptial agreement and the new estate plan in place, Judith and William’s marriage begins to rebound and their relationship with their children improves.

This case study is fictional and does not represent any real person.

Eugene and Dolores postmarital agreement

From The American Law Institute, Principles of the Law of Family Dissolution: Analysis and Recommendations

When Eugene and Dolores marry, they are both employed with comparable incomes, and have no children. Thirteen years later, they have two children, ages seven and 11. Dolores has been the primary caretaker of the children since their birth, and has no been regularly employed since that time. The younger child has learning disabilities, and Dolores has borne the primary responsibility for closely monitoring the child’s school performance, and for making sure that the child’s school provides the child with appropriate services.

Eugene, who has been employed as a software engineer, has devoted evenings and weekends to developing a new software product, BugFree. He believes he may soon be ready to license BugFree to a major software company, and hopes to realize significant profits. From a friend who was recently divorced, Eugene learned that under the law of his state his wife would have an equal property interest with him in BugFree, were they to divorce. In recent years, he has had doubts about their marriage. Eugene therefore presents Dolores with a marital agreement, drafted by an attorney he has hired, under which Dolores gives up any marital-property claims she otherwise would have to BugFree. Eugene tells Dolores that, if she does not sign this agreement, he will seek an immediate divorce, because he does not feel he can go forward with BugFree’s development and marketing if he does not retain sole ownership of it.

Dolores is stunned to learn that Eugene is considering divorce and at a loss to imagine how she would live and care properly for the children if divorce were to occur. She strongly believes her children’s welfeare would be seriously compromised were she to return full time to work, yet does not see how she and the children could maintain their accustomed life on compensatory payments and child support alone. As the manager of the couple’s household finances, she knows that their current assets are modest. She is also fearful of the impact that divorce and the accompanying disruption would have on the childre. She is not certain whether Eugene’s threat is serious but feels she cannot take the risk. Unhappily and reluctantly, she signs the agreement.

Five years later, Eugene files for divorce. In the meantime, BugFree has been a success, and Eugene’s interest in it worth several million dollars, which would be marital property but for the agreement. The couple’s other marital property is worth less than $100,000. Eugene seeks enforcement of the marital agreement, and thus allocation of the entire value of BugFree to him as his separate property, with the parties’ other property divided equally between Eugene and Dolores.

Because the parties’ circumstances at divorce are not different than was contemplated at the time they made their agreement, Section 7.05 is unlikely to present any bar to its enforcement. The contract doctrine of unconscionability, however, is applicable. Dolores, in reliance upon the marriage, had left her employment and made herself financially dependent upon Eugene, so that their potential divorce was a much greater threat to her welfare than to his. In addition, Eugene’s threat was effective in part because it exploited Dolores’s responsible concern for the welfare of their children. Under the circumstances present here, Eugene’s threat to divorce Dolores if she did not sign, as a tactic to obtain her consent to a very one-sided agreement that denied Dolores any claim at all on the fruits of Eugene’s marital labor in BugFree, renders the agreement unconscionable, and thus unenforceable.

Source: Chp 7. Agreements. pp 949.

Learn more about postnuptial agreements.

Case Study: Financial planning with a marital mediator

David works very hard at the VA hospital, where he earns $80,000 per year as an administrator. Stacey works as a real estate agent and has sporadic income ranging from $45,000 – $65,000 a year. They have two high school age children who will be attending college.

Stacey feels their house is a dump, and wants to do a major renovation. They had done a small renovation 2 years earlier, but the cost was more than they expected, and David did not feel he had any control over the expenses or the process. David doesn’t want to go through the same thing this year with a bigger project. He is afraid it will make him hate Stacey. He is quite concerned about how they will meet college costs for the children.

With the help of a marital mediator, David and Stacey make a plan. They agree to jointly choose the renovator, the scope of the project, and how they will fund it.

Stacey provides data to David shared in the mediator session that shows the money spent will increase the equity in their home dollar or dollar. The couple sets monetary limits for each component of the work, and sets a process for cost overruns.

The couple’s agreement about the renovation and the process they will take in doing it is memorialized in a signed agreement. David feels he is more an equal participant in the planning of the renovation, and he is “on board” with it. Stacey feels supported and now feels that David respects her judgment that the renovation is a prudent thing to do and one that will give them much joy in the long run.

This case study is fictional and does not represent any real person.

Case Study: Risk versus security and marriage mediation

Brian has always been the entrepreneurial type. During their 25 year marriage, he has engaged in a number of business ventures, and his income has fluctuated greatly. He does not get nervous about borrowing money to live on when times are lean. Julie is more conservative. She has been working as a librarian for many years, and is looking forward to retirement with a small municipal pension. Brian and Julie have a paid-for house, and little other savings.

Brian’s friend has offered to include him on a new venture. Julie feels strongly that he should stay with his current job, which seems steady and provides and adequate income. Brian is bored with his job and wants new challenges. They are constantly fighting over this and are both starting to contemplate divorce.

In this case a marital mediator or other professional may be able to help the couple consider some options they had not thought of. The house is the most important thing to Julie, which she views as security. She feels that as long as she has the house and her pension, she will be all right. Brian and Julie decide to transfer title to the house to Sally so that it is insulated from any future claims of the new business. With that in place, the couple feels more comfortable going forward with their marriage, and Julie begins to relax and enjoy Brian’s new-found zeal for his work.

This case study is fictional and does not represent any real person.

Case Study: Early marriage struggles and marital mediation

Mark and Jane got married eight years ago. They have two young children. Their initial love and attraction has turned into constant bickering and argument. They now realize how different they are from each other. Every interchange seems to be a battle and is affecting every aspect of their lives. They wonder what happened to the love and affection they felt towards each other at the beginning of their relationship.

They have been arguing about money, and how to spend it. Mark thinks his hard work is not appreciated. Jane feels overburdened with taking care of the children, her part-time work and taking care of the most of household duties. They each feel the other is not contributing enough.

They do not want to give up on their marriage, and have heard that mediation can be effective in working through the practical problems they face. They hope by learning to appreciate each other’s efforts their love for each other will start to grow again. They have tried individual therapy, marital counseling, and group therapy, without results.

The first few years of a marriage are a very intense period of adjustment. It’s very common for the couple to learn differences about each other and encounter extreme bouts of negativity that they never imagined possible. A newly married couple (and any married couple, for that matter) should try anything at their disposal. Sometimes marriage counseling does not work. It does not mean that the marriage is over or that the counseling was insufficient or even that marriage counseling may not work at a future time. Couples need to try different things at different times in order to break the log jam of disillusionment.

Marital Mediation or other professional support may help break the impasse. The mediator will explain to Mark and Jane that, just like a new hobby, learning how to be married is a learnable skill. The mediator will teach them conflict resolution skills that they can begin to practice at home. Things can improve at home, and Mark and Jane can continue to work on (and enjoy) their marriage. They might even try counseling again (perhaps with a different therapist), and may find that they are ready to gain insight from it.

This case study is fictional and does not represent any real person.

Case Study: A marriage affair and mediation

John has a job that requires him to travel quite a bit. Diane has a good job at home, and their children are in high school. John recently admitted to Diane that he had slept with several women during his trips during the past several years, but that the relationships meant “nothing” to him. Diane’s face reddened, and then she admitted to John that she was having a very intense “emotional affair” with an old boyfriend that had been going on for eighteen months.

John and Diane were very confused when they came to their first session with the marital mediator. They thought there was no choice but to end their marriage.

In marriage mediation, the mediator led the discussion on the situations that may have caused each of them to stray from their marriage. The mediator also “normalized” their situation, indicating that what they were going though was a common occurrence in many marriages. They learned from the mediator that an affair (emotional or otherwise) did not necessarily mean the end of the marriage. With this knowledge and understanding, John and Diane recommitted to their marriage. In mediation, they discussed the possibility of John taking a lower paying job that would mean less travel.

This case study is fictional and does not represent any real person.

Twitter:

  • How married couples can deal with money stresses in today's economic climate. http://t.co/veKdTb0T

  • The New Yorker comes up with great marriage cartoons. Here's one from the caption contest that says it all. http://t.co/b3gJIChh

  • Two guys have started a "dating site" for married couples with the aim to improve marriages. http://t.co/IrT5sl8k

  • See the caption number 3. Highlights the absurdity of annoying but senseless marital disputes. http://t.co/7bytfF6l

  • Divorced, but their parents had married. Much complication ensues. True story in today's New York Times. http://t.co/WIjiJiqi

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